Hi
Only to add some more info to the other answers, Jan gave already a nice overview, see the most recent release of ASAP methodology in http://service.sap.com/asap
Here u can find the two variations, the classic and the agile, both for release ASAP 8. This is the most up to date release.
Even the component ST-ICO for Solution Manager does not provide support for this ASAP 8 release. Only 7.2 is supported.
SAP has a trainning course in this new release: ASA380.
Antonio